Posting this because the summary going around does not say what the paper says, and the difference matters for how people here are using it.
Dead space is the answer to the missing dose. A fixed-needle insulin syringe holds a few microlitres in the hub and needle after the plunger bottoms out, and on small draws that is a measurable percentage of every dose. Across ten draws it adds up to most of an eleventh, which is exactly the "nine draws from a ten-dose vial" complaint. Luer-lock syringes are worse; low-dead-space fixed-needle designs are better.
Where I think it is weakest: the follow-up is short relative to how long people actually take these drugs, so durability is an assumption here rather than a finding.
So the question, as narrowly as I can put it: how much material I am losing to dead space, and whether that explains why a 10mg vial gives me nine usable draws rather than ten. Not looking for reassurance. Looking for the part I have got wrong.
Note on sourcing:
Figures above are from the primary publication rather than the press summary. If a number here disagrees with one you have, post yours and we will work out which of us is reading a secondary source.