Closing the loop on my own question.
Update: the thing I was blaming turned out not to be the cause. Leaving the original post as written rather than editing it, so the mistake stays visible for whoever searches this next.
Adding the numbers, since they settle part of this. If you are comparing against somebody else’s result, check that you are comparing the same measurement taken the same way. Most of the apparent contradictions in these threads dissolve at that step.
One thing that is still open after Dr.GutHealth’s answer:
How would you tell the difference between that and the alternative explanation?
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Shop Reference StandardsBiostatsBrad said:If you are comparing against somebody else’s result, check that you are comparing the same measurement taken the same way.
Worth saying that the confident version of this is more useful to the person writing it than to the person reading it.
BiostatsBrad said:If you are comparing against somebody else’s result, check that you are comparing the same measurement taken the same way.
Fair, and it stops being fair at the extremes. The middle of the range is well understood; the ends are where the honest answer is that nobody knows.